Lumbago

Lumbago is an acute lower back complaint that falls under nonspecific low back pain. Lumbago is experienced as a stabbing pain in the lower back that suddenly "shoots" into it. In medical terms, it is also referred to as acute lumbago or lumbalgia. This literally means "lower back pain."

What causes lumbago?

Lumbago results from very small tears in an intervertebral disc. Intervertebral discs are the elastic discs located between the bones of the spinal column.

The small tears cause sudden excessive tightening (cramping) of the deep muscles in the lower back. The body initiates this tightening itself to prevent further damage. It is therefore a defense mechanism.

Lumbago is a form of nonspecific low back pain and can occur, for example, when making an incorrect movement such as bending, lifting or twisting.

The small tears in the wall of the intervertebral disc are generally signs of aging or reduced tissue quality. However, other causes can also be identified:

• Overloading of the lower back (work activities / posture).
• Stress (private life / work).
• Sudden movement (bending or twisting movements).
• Poor physical condition or insufficient physical activity.
• Presence of a herniated disc in the lower back.
• Presence of specific back conditions, such as ankylosing spondylitis, osteoporosis or cancer.

What are the characteristics (symptoms) of lumbago?

As mentioned, lumbago involves cramping of the deep lower back muscles. This causes a sudden and very severe burst of pain in the lower back. The cramping severely limits movement of the lower back.

Initially, the pain is felt locally in the lower back. Over time, it may move to the left and/or right side of the back. The back may also feel unstable for a short time after lumbago occurs.

How is lumbago diagnosed?

Lumbago is not a condition in itself, but a collective term for acute low back pain. The examination by a primary care physician or physical therapist will therefore mainly focus on ruling out other injuries, such as a herniated disc in the lower back.

How is lumbago treated?

In most cases, lumbago goes away on its own. It is important to remain physically active, mainly by walking and doing exercises to keep the back flexible. To reduce pain during the first few weeks, the primary care physician may prescribe medication.

Although lumbago symptoms go away on their own, the underlying cause has not disappeared. To prevent long-term symptoms, the core muscles should be strengthened and workplace adjustments may be needed. This can be done with a program of special exercises for low back pain. A physical therapist can provide excellent guidance.