- Physical complaints
- Sciatica
Sciatica
Sciatica
Sciatica, also known as ischialgia, literally means pain of the sciatic nerve. This is a nerve that runs from the lower back via the buttock down the leg to the foot. This makes it the longest nerve in the body. In sciatica, this nerve is irritated. This can lead to various symptoms along the entire course of the nerve.
What causes sciatica?
Sciatica arises when the nerve root becomes inflamed or when there is too much pressure on the nerve. The latter can happen when the nerve is compressed by excessive tension of the deep buttock muscle (piriformis). This phenomenon is also called the piriformis syndrome.
Another cause of sciatica is a misalignment of the lower back or pelvis. In particular, stenosis (narrowing of the spinal canal) and spondylolisthesis (slippage of a vertebra) are risks for the development of sciatica.
How can sciatica be recognized?
Sciatica is characterized, among other things, by shooting pain from the lower back down the leg. The pain can vary from stabbing pain to continuous aching pain. Neurological symptoms such as a numb feeling, reduced muscle strength, or tingling in the leg are also common as a result of nerve irritation.
How is sciatica diagnosed?
To rule out more serious conditions such as stenosis, spondylolisthesis, or a herniated disc, the family doctor or physical therapist will perform a physical examination. This is supplemented with some neurological tests aimed at mapping the functioning of the nerve. In general, this is sufficient to make a diagnosis.
If there is doubt, imaging may be performed in the hospital. This can be in the form of an X-ray, CT scan, or MRI scan.
How is sciatica treated?
Sciatica without a serious cause usually recovers within six weeks. It is still wise to involve a physical therapist. They will focus treatment on the mobility of the spine and the reduction of nerve irritation and pain.
There will also be attention to muscle strength training and correct posture. This treatment can speed up recovery. In addition, it helps to prevent recurrence of symptoms in the future.
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